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In the context of implementing a new clinical information system, the critical standards for a clinical data repository are HL7 and DICOM.

HL7 (Health Level Seven) is essential because it sets the framework for the exchange, integration, sharing, and retrieval of electronic health information. It facilitates communication between various healthcare systems, ensuring that data can be shared seamlessly across different platforms, which is vital for a clinical data repository that needs to consolidate information from various sources.

DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) is also crucial, particularly for handling and managing medical images. DICOM standardizes the format and communication protocol for medical imaging, such as X-rays and MRIs. This standard is important in a clinical data repository that aims to include imaging data alongside other patient information, thereby providing a comprehensive view of a patient's medical history.

Together, HL7 and DICOM ensure that the clinical data repository can effectively manage and communicate a wide variety of health information, making them the critical standards during the implementation of a new clinical information system.